…balance disorder. Moderate 115 125 mmol/L Headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, apathy, confusion, impaired reflexes. Severe <115 mmol/L Seizures, coma, respiratory arrest, brainstem…

…cardiac tamponade. The classical signs of cardiac tamponade are hypotension, muffled heart sounds and jugular venous distention. Other frequent symptoms are pulsus paradoxus, pericardial friction…

…tremor palpitations hunger anxiety pallor paraesthesiae Neuroglycopenic symptoms An inadequate supply of glucose to the brain can cause: difficulty concentrating irritability or abnormal behaviour slurred…

…after reperfusion in an occluded coronary artery. It also occurs as side effect of drugs, hypoxia, myocarditis and electrolyte disorders. Because the rate (60–100…

…rise can cause osmotic demyelination syndrome [1,2]. Hyponatraemia is primarily a disorder of water balance. The plasma sodium reflects the ratio between the body…

…specific to the disorder, provided that the clinical characteristics are in line with the disorder. There are however other disorders that may bring about similar…

…a manifestation of systemic arterial disease rather than an isolated disorder of the lower limbs. Patients frequently have concomitant coronary, cerebrovascular or other peripheral arterial…

…LQTS) Metabolic disorders Hypokalemia Hypomagnesemia Hypocalcemia Starvation Anorexia nervosa Liquid protein diets Hypothyroidism Bradyarrhythmia Sinus bradycardia Sinus node dysfunction AV blocks Drugs Drug Brands TdP…

…architecture and mechanical stability. Atherosclerotic lesions commonly arise at sites of disturbed flow, including branch points in the epicardial coronary arteries. Early lesions may undergo…

…include electrolyte disorders, metabolic disorders, hypoxemia, antiarrhythmic drugs, or electromagnetic disturbance caused by other machines/devices. Below follows ECG tracings demonstrating each type of failure…