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Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…blood tests and other radiological examinations are most often required, in particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium…

Clinical application of ECG in chest pain & acute myocardial infarction

…myocardial ischemia. Other symptoms include dyspnea, pain radiating to the left arm/shoulder/throat, palpitations, back pain and selected cases of upper abdominal pain. An…

The chain of survival in sudden cardiac arrest

…other units caring for resuscitated patients. Figure 1. The chain of survival in out of hospital cardiac arrest. Although the required skills, complexity and costs…

Causes of sudden cardiac arrest

…or other trauma. Drowning Cardiac arrest due to drowning Electrocution Cardiac arrest due to electrical current through the heart. Asphyxia Asphyxia as a result of…

Hypertension: Causes, investigations, complications & treatment

…often necessary to normalize blood pressure. Management of hypertension requires careful consideration of other cardiovascular risk factors and coexisting conditions. Therapy must be tailored to…

Lumbar puncture

…Only clinical signs of herniation halt the puncture, and antibiotics and a corticosteroid are then given immediately after blood cultures. For questions other than acute…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…ischemia. Inverted U waves are even more typical of ischemia (but the sensitivity is low). U wave changes always accompany other ischemic ST T changes…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…Lathundar Key messages Two things set the COPD exacerbation apart from many other causes of acute dyspnoea: oxygen must be titrated cautiously and the blood…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…and other relevant information for the drug Ticagrelor . Table 1 Summary Indications Ticagrelor, in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the prevention of…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease…

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