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🟠 Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)

…NSAIDs). Other contraindications: Hemophilia. Thrombocytopenia. Active gastric or duodenal ulcers. Liver cirrhosis. Severe heart failure. Doses 100 mg/day during the third trimester of pregnancy…

Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) - Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS)

…if there is suspicion of cervical spine injury, in which scenario head tilt chin lift should only be used if other methods fail to open…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…institutional practice. Complications are more frequent during PCI than during purely diagnostic angiography. Elective PCI has reported mortality of 0.1–0.3%, large myocardial…

Hypertension: Causes, investigations, complications & treatment

…often necessary to normalize blood pressure. Management of hypertension requires careful consideration of other cardiovascular risk factors and coexisting conditions. Therapy must be tailored to…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…margin must be included in the freeze. Contraindications Absolute: Suspected melanoma or any other pigmented lesion of uncertain diagnosis. A lesion in which histology is…

Care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

…hours ( Soar et al ). The causes of death among these patients are complications related to PACS: 60% die from neurological injuries. 30% die from hemodynamic…

NSTEMI: Risk Stratification and Timing of the Invasive Strategy

…revascularization, while avoiding unnecessary procedural complications and bleeding in those at lower risk or in whom the hazards of revascularization outweigh its potential benefit. A…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…and limb threatening complications. Among patients with established peripheral artery disease, those who stop smoking have approximately twice the five year survival of those who…

🟠 CHADS-VA Bleeding Risk Score

…chadsva] The CHA₂DS₂ VA score has superseded the CHA₂DS₂ VASc score. As of 2025, it is recommended to use the CHA₂DS₂ VA score for stroke…

🟠 ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Bleeding Risk Score

…6% High risk 5 or more 5.8% Interpretation of ATRIA risk score. Comparison with other bleeding risk models Several bleeding risk assessment tools exist…

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