…associations include: Idiopathic or viral pericarditis Malignant pericardial disease Tuberculosis Purulent or bacterial pericarditis Trauma Cardiac surgery and other iatrogenic cardiovascular procedures Acute aortic disease…

…condition is classified as cardiac tamponade. The classical signs of cardiac tamponade are hypotension, muffled heart sounds and jugular venous distention. Other frequent symptoms are…

…Focal chest pain or unilaterally reduced breath sounds Consider pneumothorax New arrhythmia or ischaemic ECG changes Concomitant cardiac disease Oxygen targets Patient Initial target saturation…

…made the procedure considerably safer than the blind subxiphoid technique still described in older textbooks. Indications Cardiac tamponade — the only absolute indication, and always urgent…

…Nocturnal Death Syndrome (SUNDS) [4] . The clinical presentation is notoriously heterogeneous, ranging from lifelong asymptomatic ECG anomalies to electrical storm and sudden cardiac arrest (SCA…

…shift. To analyze reflections from the myocardium, the ultrasound machine filters out all other reflected sound waves, such that only those representing myocardium are recorded…

…analyze myocardial motion, the ultrasound system must filter out all sound waves reflected by other structures, notably sound waves reflected by blood. This is achieved…

…often not true in other circumstances (e.g. pulmonary embolism, trauma, respiratory causes, drug overdoses, etc.). Among victims in whom the cardiac arrest was caused…

…perivalvular (adjacent to the valves), etc. Cardiac tumors cause nonspecific symptoms that depend on the size of the tumor, localization, hemodynamic effects and possible impact…

…by insufficient ventilation, leading to hypoxia. Etiologies of hypoxic cardiac arrest : Trauma and injuries : Direct trauma can cause airway injuries, resulting in obstruction. Central nervous…