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Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…typical of ischemia (but the sensitivity is low). U wave changes always accompany other ischemic ST T changes. They may occur in both NSTEMI and…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…and the severity and manifestations of disease may differ substantially among carriers. Consequently, a normal examination or cardiac investigation at one point in time does…

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

…C) and other apoB containing lipoproteins in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Atherosclerosis develops through the progressive deposition and retention of LDL C and other apoB…

Atrial flutter: classification, causes, ECG criteria and management

…beats per minute. Note that with a paper speed of 25 mm/s, which is standard in the US and many other countries, a 2…

Colchicine and Anti-inflammatory Therapy in Coronary Disease

…attention to the balance between reduction in ischaemic events and possible infectious or other non cardiovascular adverse outcomes. Mechanisms of action Colchicine Colchicine appears to…

De-escalation and Shortened Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients at High Bleeding Risk

…In the setting of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), DAPT is used to reduce recurrent myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and other ischemic events after coronary angiography…

Indications and contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging

…Caffeine and other methylxanthines, which antagonize adenosine receptors, should be avoided for at least 12 hours before testing. Dobutamine : Contraindicated in patients with severe hypertension…

Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…without current symptoms, alternating bundle branch block in acute anterior infarction, and before drugs or procedures with a known risk of bradycardia. Transvenous pacing is…

Alcohol and Cardiovascular Disease

…hypertension and atherosclerotic coronary disease In patients with heavy alcohol use, left ventricular dilation may precede the development of increased left ventricular hypertrophy and mass…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…or respiratory distress. In patients with HFpEF, acute hypertension is a frequent trigger of decompensation and may produce abrupt pulmonary oedema, sometimes requiring non invasive…

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