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Physics of myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT, PET): Radiotracers, perfusion, blood flow and viability

…to regions with lower concentration, for reasons other than perfusion differences, making image interpretation more ambiguous. Table 1. Radiotracers used for SPECT imaging Thallium 201…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…Any type of infarction may cause pathological R wave progression. However, the specificity for pathological R wave progression is considerably lower than pathological Q waves…

Tissue Doppler (Tissue Velocity Imaging)

Echocardiography Tissue Doppler (Tissue Velocity Imaging) Previous chapters on Doppler imaging have all focused on measurements of blood flow. However, the Doppler effect can also…

Intravascular Imaging: IVUS and OCT for PCI Optimisation

…recognition of edge dissection, tissue prolapse, thrombus, or other acute complications; investigation of restenosis and stent thrombosis. Intravascular imaging may also clarify the mechanism of…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…followed by disruption of the intima. Intramural haematoma differs from classic dissection because haemorrhage occurs within the media without imaging evidence of an intimal tear…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…pain or a rapid deterioration in general condition may be the only signs of infection. Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive treatments can blunt the febrile response…

Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…ischaemia (ALI) is an abrupt reduction in arterial perfusion of an upper or lower limb that causes tissue metabolic requirements to exceed available blood flow…

Lumbar puncture

…or after imaging, how the patient is positioned, which needle is chosen, and that the tubes go to the right place. In suspected bacterial meningitis…

In-Stent Restenosis: Mechanisms and Treatment

…ISR remains the most frequent cause of PCI failure, despite its substantially lower incidence with drug eluting stents (DES) than with bare metal stents (BMS…

ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and ECG Criteria

…and non transmural infarction are no longer considered reliable descriptors of pathological extent. Magnetic resonance imaging findings indicate that Q wave development relates more closely…

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