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Ventricular Tachycardia

…3] . By Duration: Non sustained VT (NSVT): Defined as three or more consecutive ventricular beats at a rate exceeding 100 beats per minute (bpm), which…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…or non cardiac . The term “atypical” is discouraged because it may understate the possibility of ischaemia. A focused history should establish: Quality of the discomfort…

🟠 HCM Risk-SCD Calculator

…stratify patients into low, intermediate, or high risk categories. A significant shortcoming of the HCM Risk SCD Score is the absence of magnetic resonance imaging…

ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and ECG Criteria

…Epigastric or subxiphoid pain may be mistaken for indigestion. Associated manifestations include: Sweating Nausea and vomiting Anxiety A sense of impending doom When STEMI begins…

Introduction to exercise stress testing (treadmill test, exercise ECG)

…as exercise ECG or exercise tolerance test . Because the vast majority of all exercise stress tests in the United States are performed using a treadmill…

Non-ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and Unstable Angina

…culminating in a partially or fully occlusive intraluminal thrombus [5] . ACS Classification The clinical spectrum of Acute Coronary Syndromes encompasses Unstable Angina (UA), Non ST…

NSTEMI (Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) & Unstable Angina: Diagnosis, Criteria, ECG, Management

…and the ST Segment and ST segment depressions), a rehearsal of ECG characteristics and criteria is provided here. Management (treatment) of NSTEMI and unstable angina…

CPAP and non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

…Inability to protect the airway: a reduced level of consciousness not attributable to hypercapnia, marked swallowing difficulty, vomiting. Haemodynamic instability or a life threatening arrhythmia…

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

…the relative advantage of apoB over non HDL C or standard lipid testing remains unsettled. In a large population study, LDL C, non HDL C…

Fractional Flow Reserve and Non-Hyperaemic Pressure Ratios

…stenoses in the left main stem or proximal left anterior descending artery are more likely to affect flow because they supply a larger myocardial territory…

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