…patient care. Non Invasiveness: The calculation relies on readily available clinical parameters, eliminating the need for more invasive and costly direct measurements of GFR. Limitations…

…for the device available on the unit. Preparation and equipment A device capable of both CPAP and bilevel ventilation, or alternatively flow generated CPAP with…

…A quantitative CAC score from dedicated testing, or a qualitative assessment of CAC on a non gated chest CT, can modify the estimated likelihood of…

…and benefit. An early invasive strategy is not recommended when the risks of revascularization outweigh its expected benefits. Haemodynamic and electrical status Haemodynamic instability, cardiogenic…

…ratio of maximum hyperaemic coronary flow to resting coronary flow. It can be assessed invasively or with myocardial perfusion imaging using PET, SPECT or CMR…

…measurements permit assessment of the physiological significance of selected stenoses using fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave free ratio (iFR). Other invasive techniques can…

Cardiology Principles of myocardial perfusion imaging Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is a non invasive technique for detecting and quantifying coronary artery disease (CAD). It offers…

…Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is a non invasive method for detecting and quantifying calcified coronary atherosclerotic plaque. It is performed using a non contrast…

…Consequently, diagnosis depends on functional assessment. Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is characterized invasively by reduced CFR and increased microvascular resistance, measured by the index of…

…Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Clinical Role Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) is a non invasive anatomical examination that depicts the coronary arterial lumen…