…greater than left ventricular load during the fetal period. This is explained by the configuration of the fetal circulation; pulmonary resistance is high (which means…

…greater than left ventricular load during the fetal period. This is explained by the configuration of the fetal circulation; pulmonary resistance is high (which means…

…suspected CHD. Echocardiography provides detailed morphological and functional information. The vast majority of cases can be characterized by echocardiography. In comparison with adult subjects, the…

…the heart rate, the electrical axis and the waveform in the newborn differ markedly from adult reference values and normalise gradually through childhood. The interpretation…

Procedurer What determines the outcome of an emergency intubation is rarely the laryngoscopy itself but what was done before it: how well the patient was…

…12 seconds), provided that other causes of right axis deviation have been excluded. Causes of left axis deviation Left bundle branch block. Left ventricular hypertrophy…

…I and II. Heart axis deviation: right axis deviation (RAD) and left axis deviation (LAD) Causes of right axis deviation Normal in newborns. Right ventricular…

…interpretation in adults. The ECG must always be interpreted using a systematic approach in order to minimize the probability of missing significant abnormalities. The following…