…brachial index (TBI). The digital arteries rarely calcify, which makes toe pressure the method of choice in diabetes and renal failure. A normal TBI is ≥

…undernutrition in adults Calf circumference Largest circumference < 31 cm is a screening marker for sarcopenia Body composition Measurement Women Men : : : Body fat, normal 21…

…profiles in shock Type CO SVR CVP/PCWP ScvO₂ : : : : : : : : : Hypovolaemic ↓ ↑ ↓ ↓ Cardiogenic ↓ ↑ ↑ ↓ Distributive (septic) ↑ or normal ↓↓…

…halve before the creatinine leaves the reference range, because the relationship is hyperbolic. In people with a low muscle mass — the elderly, the undernourished, amputees…

…echocardiographic parameters to calculate an individual's risk of SCD over the next 5 years. The calculator is widely used in clinical practice and is…

…with diabetes and carotid atherosclerosis tends to be more advanced than in people without diabetes. Carotid disease is also a marker of systemic cardiovascular risk…

…min/1.73 m², cardiovascular mortality risk may be as much as three times higher than in individuals without comparable renal impairment. The cardiovascular burden…

…are available. Further diagnostic imaging solely because calcified plaque is present in an asymptomatic individual is not supported by the available evidence described here. Systematic…

…DASH style diets. Their effects are multidimensional and cannot be adequately inferred from changes in a single intermediate marker such as cholesterol. Dietary composition may…

…ECG, and normal initial troponin may be observed in a chest pain unit or another non intensive care setting while serial testing is completed. Diagnostic…