…used — not only in claudication, but before every compression treatment of a leg ulcer and as a risk marker in diabetes and known atherosclerotic disease…

…arm < 23 cm suggests undernutrition in adults Calf circumference Largest circumference < 31 cm is a screening marker for sarcopenia Body composition Measurement Women…

…and the appropriate action differs fundamentally between these cases. Pressures in the heart and pulmonary circulation Flow, resistance and oxygen transport Formulas Mean arterial pressure…

…halve before the creatinine leaves the reference range, because the relationship is hyperbolic. In people with a low muscle mass — the elderly, the undernourished, amputees…

…echocardiographic parameters to calculate an individual's risk of SCD over the next 5 years. The calculator is widely used in clinical practice and is…

…with diabetes and carotid atherosclerosis tends to be more advanced than in people without diabetes. Carotid disease is also a marker of systemic cardiovascular risk…

…min/1.73 m², cardiovascular mortality risk may be as much as three times higher than in individuals without comparable renal impairment. The cardiovascular burden…

…are available. Further diagnostic imaging solely because calcified plaque is present in an asymptomatic individual is not supported by the available evidence described here. Systematic…

…DASH style diets. Their effects are multidimensional and cannot be adequately inferred from changes in a single intermediate marker such as cholesterol. Dietary composition may…

…They can identify troponin concentrations in approximately 50–95% of healthy individuals, whereas sensitive, but not high sensitivity, assays detect troponin in approximately 20–50%…