…or increase aortic wall stress. Relevant associations include: Systemic hypertension Marfan syndrome Loeys–Dietz syndrome Ehlers–Danlos syndrome Inflammatory aortitis, including Takayasu arteritis and giant…

…intramural haematomas. Inherited connective tissue disorders, including Marfan syndrome and Ehlers–Danlos syndrome. FMD may be clinically occult and can affect multiple vascular territories, including…

…Dietz syndrome, who have low BSA or severe extra aortic features 45 mm • Patients who are undergoing aortic valve surgery • Patients with Marfan syndrome who…

…Idiopathic degeneration (Barlow's disease), degeneration associated with connective tissue disorders (Marfan syndrome, Ehlers Danlos syndrome), osteogenesis imperfecta typically causes prolapse of P2 (Figure 1…

…of pulmonary regurgitation Pulmonary hypertension Endocarditis Myxoma Carcinoid heart disease Tetralogy of Fallot Marfan syndrome Takayasu's arteritis Iatrogenic (e.g complication of catheterization) Congenital…

…proximal Marfan syndrome (may also cause aortic dissection) Trauma Vasculitis, rheumatic diseases Ehlers Danlos syndrome (may also cause aortic dissection) Subaortic membrane Endocarditis Echocardiography in…