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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Screening and Surveillance

…generally nontender abdominal mass. Some patients report prominent abdominal pulsations. Expansion may produce pain in the abdomen, chest, lower back or scrotum. Aneurysmal pain is…

Paracentesis

…should undergo a diagnostic paracentesis , because spontaneous bacterial peritonitis often lacks abdominal pain and peritonism and instead presents as encephalopathy, renal failure or simply deterioration…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…new onset marked weakness rapidly progressive symptoms from several organ systems severe abdominal pain or repeated vomiting after probable allergen exposure sudden hypotension or severe…

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Assessment and Treatment

…or 80 cm in women is considered indicative of obesity or excess abdominal adiposity. Ethnic specific thresholds are lower or otherwise modified in some populations…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…adventitial disease and trauma. Atherosclerotic PAD is a manifestation of systemic arterial disease rather than an isolated disorder of the lower limbs. Patients frequently have…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…rigors, abdominal pain or a rapid deterioration in general condition may be the only signs of infection. Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive treatments can blunt the…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…mesenteric or lower limb ischaemia Paraplegia or paraparesis Persistent or recurrent pain Hypertension that remains uncontrolled despite optimal therapy Acute type A dissection has a…

Anthropometric measurements

…Waist / hip Men 0.90, women 0.85 = abdominal obesity Waist–height ratio Waist / height 0.5 = increased risk, irrespective of sex Mid…

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Indications, Efficacy and Access

…and improves walking distance. The role of PCSK9 inhibition in thoracic or abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease remains an emerging area of research. Pharmacological Classes and…

Acute Limb Ischaemia: Recognition and Urgent Management

…ischaemia (ALI) is an abrupt reduction in arterial perfusion of an upper or lower limb that causes tissue metabolic requirements to exceed available blood flow…

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