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LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…between 70 and 189 mg/dL, 10 year risk of a first hard ASCVD event—fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke—should be estimated…

Circulatory and haemodynamic parameters

…when related to one another. A low blood pressure may be due to low flow, low vascular tone or both, and the appropriate action differs…

A new ECG biomarker for sudden cardiac death

…morphology, which replaces the sharp negative S wave seen in the low risk beat — the previously undescribed biomarker identified by the deep learning model. Predicting…

Bempedoic Acid: Evidence and Clinical Use

…a small dose of a statin, defined as atorvastatin less than 10 mg daily or an equivalent dose of another statin. Approximately 45% of participants…

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…may include manifestations of coronary, cerebral or peripheral arterial disease, although the source material does not specify symptom patterns in detail. Physical manifestations Tendinous xanthomas…

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Indications, Efficacy and Access

…Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a hepatic protein that regulates the availability of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL receptor) on hepatocytes…

Biventricular hypertrophy ECG and clinical characteristics

…left and right ventricle is rather common. The ECG has low sensitivity with respect to detecting biventricular hypertrophy. This is because the strong and oppositely…

Exercise stress test on cycle ergometer

…Exercise induced arrhythmia or exercise induced syncope. Assessment of chronotropic function and pacemaker settings. Preoperative functional assessment before major surgery. At a low pre test…

Hypertensive crisis: quick reference for acute blood pressure lowering

…blood pressure from a previously low level can cause organ damage at lower values, for example in pregnancy, acute glomerular disease or scleroderma renal crisis …

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…a low glucose. Do not wait for the venous laboratory result. 1. Assess and stabilise the airway, breathing and circulation. 2. Measure the capillary or…

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