…intravenous drugs. Restart or optimise oral treatment and ensure follow up. Rapid lowering can worsen cerebral, coronary and renal perfusion, particularly in patients with long…

…the myocardium. Current guidelines, however, still recommend the use of the J point for assessing acute ischemia ( Third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction, Thygesen et…

…for smoking and anticipated barriers to cessation. Exposure to second hand smoke. Use of cannabis, electronic cigarettes or other inhaled products. Readiness to attempt cessation…

…thirds of ICDs implanted for reduced LVEF never deliver an appropriate shock, so the false positive burden is substantial. Alternative modalities — cardiac MRI, long term…

…regardless of etiology, if the initial rhythm is asystole or PEA. Most current protocols for ECMO exclude patients presenting with asystole or PEA. Duration of…

…because it may provide greater benefit than either drug alone. Long term efficacy data remain limited, and the possibility that chronic If channel blockade could…

…develop strategies and tools for long term prevention of cardiac arrest. Unfortunately, these efforts have not borne fruit. Our current ability to predict cardiac arrest…

…the acute management of both stable and unstable presentations, the critical entity of electrical storm, and the long term management strategies informed by recent sub…

…Survivors of STEMI remain at substantial risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. Long term prognosis is influenced particularly by: Resting left ventricular function The amount of…

…not reverse coronary atherosclerosis. Long term benefit therefore depends on the integration of revascularisation with guideline directed medical therapy and secondary prevention. Clinical Presentation and…