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🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…ritonavir, and atazanavir) can lead to a significant increase in exposure to ticagrelor. Dosage: Acute Coronary Syndromes Treatment with Ticagrelor should start with a loading…

Exercise Electrocardiographic Testing: Indications, Limitations and Interpretation

…symptoms, a 12 lead ECG, heart rate and blood pressure are monitored. The test is generally symptom limited and is stopped when limiting symptoms, significant…

Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Diagnosis and Treatment

…pressures are transmitted to the pulmonary circulation. Persistent pulmonary vascular disease can lead to right ventricular strain and dysfunction, which is associated with poor outcomes…

Aortic regurgitation

…with increasing myocardial load (and hence oxygen demand). The most common causes of acute aortic regurgitation are aortic dissection , endocarditis and trauma . Chronic aortic regurgitation…

Inotropes and vasopressors: doses, indications, contraindications and effects

…acute or chronic. Bradycardia (second line option). 10.0–20.0 μg/kg/min ++++ ++++ ++ +++++ High dose dopamine additionally induces α1 stimulation and thereby vasoconstriction…

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)

…hypothesis, initially proposed by Paulus and Tschöpe, is the "systemic microvascular inflammation paradigm" [9] . In this model, systemic comorbidities (obesity, hypertension, diabetes) induce a chronic…

Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy

…to as tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy , can be caused by any tachyarrhythmia leading to prolonged periods of rapid ventricular rate (Table 1). Children and healthy adults…

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): Definition, Types, Diagnostics & Treatment

…following cardiomyopathies lead to dilation of the ventricle: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Idiopathic or genetic . Ischemic cardiomyopathy Alcoholic cardiomyopathy Diabetic cardiomyopathy Takotsubo cardiomyopathy Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy…

Vasospastic (Prinzmetal) Angina: Provocation Testing and Treatment

…arteries. Epicardial spasm produces a reversible functional occlusion and usually causes transmural ischaemia. The resulting abnormalities in left ventricular function may lead to myocardial infarction…

Exercise stress test on cycle ergometer

…resistance; 12 lead ECG with continuous recording; automated or manual blood pressure measurement. Resuscitation trolley with defibrillator, oxygen, suction and emergency drugs in the room…

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