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Capnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, ETCO2) during cardiac arrest

…the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) at the end of expiration. It provides an integrated view of ventilation , metabolism , and perfusion . Carbon dioxide…

Cardiac Rehabilitation After Myocardial Infarction

…incorporate psychosocial care and, where appropriate, primary care personnel and home visits may reduce rehospitalization for recurrent ischaemia and infarction. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Cardiac…

Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents: Evolution, Evidence and Stent Choice

…be integrated with lesion anatomy, clinical presentation, bleeding risk, the anticipated need for non cardiac surgery, procedural complexity, and the relative merits of PCI and…

Evaluation of exercise stress test: ECG, symptoms, blood pressure, heart rate, performance

…on an integrated assessment of six components: Symptoms Exercise performance (functional capacity, exercise capacity) Heart rate: maximal heart rate, heart rate response Blood pressure reaction…

Physiological Assessment of Coronary Stenoses and Revascularization Decisions

…of wire free angiography derived physiology (ALL RISE and FAST III) within this evolving landscape, and proposes an integrated decision pathway for physiology guided revascularization…

Arterial line

…mask and cap. Lidocaine 10 mg/mL for local anaesthesia in the awake patient — the anaesthetic also improves the chance of success by counteracting vascular…

Antianginal Therapy: Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Nitrates, and Ranolazine

…a dihydropyridine CCB is appropriate for many patients. Long acting nitrates or ranolazine may be added when symptoms persist or when heart rate, blood pressure…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…specific for myocardial infarction. Other conditions may produce cardiomyocyte injury and elevated troponin, so biomarker interpretation must be integrated with the clinical history, ECG, and…

Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: Prognostic Use in Practice

…of risk factors such as elevated blood pressure and lipid abnormalities. CAC should therefore be integrated with clinical assessment and established risk estimation systems rather…

High-Sensitivity Troponin: 0/1-Hour Rule-In and Rule-Out Algorithms

…longer serial intervals. Clinical Presentation and Initial Clinical Context Chest pain or discomfort is the most common symptom initiating evaluation for ACS. Features that increase…

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