…electrolyte imbalances are clinically negligible (from an electrophysiological standpoint), whereas others may be life threatening. The most common and clinically most relevant electrolyte imbalances concern…

…opposite in each case. Equivalent doses Agent Equivalent glucocorticoid dose Mineralocorticoid effect Biological half life : : : : Hydrocortisone (cortisol) 20 mg Marked Short, 8–12 hours Prednisolone…

…body. 6. Check the plasma potassium after about 1 hour and follow the plasma glucose closely for at least 6 hours after insulin. 7. Contact…

…A low risk of hypoglycaemia; it can usually be continued Red flags and pitfalls Stopping basal insulin in type 1 diabetes. The single most dangerous…

Cardiology Endocrinology & metabolism Definition and Pathophysiology Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities centred on abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, elevated blood pressure and…

…adrenaline in anaphylaxis, ceftriaxone, ferric carboxymaltose Rapid, 10–20 min Subcutaneous (SC) Insulin, low molecular weight heparin, GLP 1 analogues, methotrexate, biological agents, adrenaline (second…

…as commonly occurs with obesity, diabetes, prediabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and hypertriglyceridaemia. Because triglyceride rich particles contribute additional cholesterol—often approximately 30 mg/dL…

…bioactive compounds from nuts; and antioxidant and antithrombotic constituents from whole grains. These combined effects may improve inflammation, insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidaemia…

…dL ( 5.6 mmol/L) Triglyceride rich lipoproteins, remnant lipoproteins and insulin resistance are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), particularly in peripheral arterial disease…

…Currently, opioid overdose stands as a predominant etiological factor for cardiac arrest within this demographic on a global scale. Numerous substances possess the potential to…