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Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Clinical Significance

…endothelial and renal pathophysiology in insulin resistance. Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease Insulin resistance increases free fatty acid delivery to the liver and reduces…

Poisoning: quick reference for antidotes and initial management

…enhanced elimination. For many poisonings, well delivered supportive treatment matters more than the antidote [1,2]. Telephone your national or regional poison control centre , which…

Inpatient insulin therapy: quick reference

…Basal insulin (intermediate or long acting) Covers fasting glucose production Everyone with type 1 diabetes, always, including while fasting. Many with type 2 Mealtime insulin…

Hyperkalaemia: quick reference for emergency treatment

…4. Shift potassium into the cells with insulin and glucose. Add high dose salbutamol in marked hyperkalaemia if there is no contraindication. 5. At the…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…6. Inject at an even rate, about 1 mL per 3–5 seconds. 7. Withdraw the needle at the same angle and press with a…

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

…containing lipoproteins, including: LDL Intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) Chylomicrons and other triglyceride rich particles Thus, non…

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Outcomes

…For cardiometabolic health, the most favourable patterns generally contain more minimally processed, fibre rich and bioactive foods, including fruits, non starchy vegetables, beans, whole grains…

Hypertriglyceridaemia: Management and Cardiovascular Risk

…therapy Some antiretroviral therapies Post transplant medications, including corticosteroids, cyclosporine and sirolimus In transplantation, corticosteroids can promote insulin resistance, free fatty acid synthesis and very…

Cardiac arrest in intoxication (poisoning)

…induce cardiac arrest or cause profound cardiopulmonary depression. Table 1 delineates substances for which specific antidotes are available. The detrimental effects of these substances can…

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…life : : : : Hydrocortisone (cortisol) 20 mg Marked Short, 8–12 hours Prednisolone 5 mg Moderate Intermediate, 12–36 hours Methylprednisolone 4 mg Low Intermediate Betamethasone 0…

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