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Inpatient insulin therapy: quick reference

…high value As required, in addition to the mealtime dose Never stop basal insulin in a person with type 1 diabetes , not even before fasting…

Metabolic Syndrome: Definition and Clinical Significance

Cardiology Endocrinology & metabolism Definition and Pathophysiology Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities centred on abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, elevated blood pressure and…

Hyperkalaemia: quick reference for emergency treatment

…4. Shift potassium into the cells with insulin and glucose. Add high dose salbutamol in marked hyperkalaemia if there is no contraindication. 5. At the…

Injection technique — intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal

…6. Inject at an even rate, about 1 mL per 3–5 seconds. 7. Withdraw the needle at the same angle and press with a…

ApoB and Non-HDL Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

…as commonly occurs with obesity, diabetes, prediabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and hypertriglyceridaemia. Because triglyceride rich particles contribute additional cholesterol—often approximately 30 mg/dL…

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Outcomes

…inferred from changes in a single intermediate marker such as cholesterol. Dietary composition may influence blood pressure, glucose–insulin homeostasis, lipids and apolipoproteins, endothelial function…

Hypertriglyceridaemia: Management and Cardiovascular Risk

…500 mg/dL ( 5.6 mmol/L) ≥500 mg/dL ( 5.6 mmol/L) Triglyceride rich lipoproteins, remnant lipoproteins and insulin resistance are associated with…

Cardiac arrest in intoxication (poisoning)

…blocker Glucagon IV Calcium flow inhibitor (calcium blocker) Calcium iv High dose insulin with glucose IV Carbamates Atropine Pralidoxime chloride Cyanide hydroxocobalamin Cyanide antidote kit …

Corticosteroids: quick reference for dose equivalents and stress dosing

…life : : : : Hydrocortisone (cortisol) 20 mg Marked Short, 8–12 hours Prednisolone 5 mg Moderate Intermediate, 12–36 hours Methylprednisolone 4 mg Low Intermediate Betamethasone 0…

Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state: quick reference

…blood ketones ≥ 3 mmol/L and acidosis, the ketosis must be treated immediately with DKA dose insulin, while the osmolality is corrected cautiously [1,3…

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