…environmental factors and genetic background. Thrombotic susceptibility is likewise affected by inflammation and other systemic influences. The severity of myocardial injury is determined not only…

…QT (QTc) interval May be prolonged. Arrhythmia Flecainide may induce Brugada syndrome in individuals with underlying genetic susceptibility. If ECG changes consistent with Brugada syndrome…

…Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease…

Cardiology Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Clinical Red Flags Raising Suspicion of Cardiac Amyloidosis Demographic and Clinical Context Cardiac amyloidosis should be suspected in patients older…

Cardiology Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Definition and classification Coronary anomalies are congenital abnormalities involving the origin, course, distribution, or termination of the coronary arteries. They…

…Reduced cellular uptake and clearance of LDL leads to increased circulating LDL C. The principal genetic mechanisms involve: Loss of function variants in the LDL…

ECG Genetic and miscellaneous conditions J wave syndromes: early repolarization pattern, Brugada syndrome, hypercalcemia and hypothermia The J wave – also referred to as Osborn's…

…by numerous local and systemic disorders. Accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space may lead to increased intrapericardial pressure, which in turn affects ventricular relaxation…

…retrosternal chest pain in acute pericarditis is very similar to that in STEMI. The combination of retrosternal chest pain and ST elevation on ECG explains…

…acute condition. Much research has been devoted to it in recent years. Most cases (70%) of takotsubo cardiomyopathy occur in situations with extreme stress, such…

…segment elevations in leads V1–V3. Prevalence and genetics of Brugada syndrome The prevalence of Brugada syndrome remains largely unknown. Available data suggest that it…

…consensus report by MacFarlane et al it was noted that roughly 5% to 13% of all individuals in a Western population display early repolarization pattern…

…autosomal dominant) cardiac syndrome. The underlying genetic abnormality is yet to be discovered. Diagnosis of this syndrome is based on ECG, family history and clinical…

…linked to adverse outcomes. Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Gradient (LVOTG) : LVOT obstruction is a risk factor for heart failure and arrhythmias. Family History of Sudden…

…of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is inversely related to age, such that the younger the patient presenting with hypertrophy, the more likely a genetic etiology. The genetic…

…Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is considered a genetic cardiomyopathy that predominantly affects the right ventricle. ARVC is defined by the gradual loss of myocardial cells…

…which predisposes individuals to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes. This condition is primarily attributed to specific genetic mutations: loss of function mutations in…

…which predisposes individuals to malignant ventricular arrhythmias, notably torsade de pointes. This condition is primarily attributed to specific genetic mutations: loss of function mutations in…

…to <20% Intermediate ≥20% High Management should incorporate the estimated risk, risk enhancing factors and a clinician–patient discussion regarding the expected net benefit of…

…and SCORE2 Older Persons (SCORE2 OP) are European risk prediction models designed to estimate 10 year risk of both fatal and non fatal CVD events…

…for researchers to finally conclude that high cholesterol levels caused coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis in general. This required thousands of observational studies, genetic studies…

…in the number of kringle IV type 2 repeats. Lp(a) concentration is predominantly genetically determined, with heritability estimated at approximately 85% to more than…

…Increased PCSK9 activity therefore contributes to higher LDL C concentrations. The genetic evidence provides the rationale for therapeutic inhibition. Gain of function PCSK9 mutations are…

…by a higher incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias. It has been suggested that the high risk of ventricular arrhythmias is due to the vulnerability caused…

…drug accumulation secondary to renal or hepatic impairment or the inhibition of cytochrome P450 metabolism [1]. Nonmodifiable risk factors encompass female sex, underlying genetic predisposition…

…Malignant hyperthermia may manifest under two primary circumstances: Due to a genetic mutation in the RYR1 receptor, resulting in persistent muscle contraction upon administration of…

…sudden cardiac arrest is common. The following cardiomyopathies lead to dilation of the ventricle: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) Idiopathic or genetic . Ischemic cardiomyopathy Alcoholic cardiomyopathy Diabetic…

…variants to complex scar related and genetic substrates. Furthermore, it critically examines the diagnostic algorithms for wide complex tachycardia (WCT), the acute management of both…

…study, PET, SPECT, genetic profiling — add information but are too costly or invasive to screen a population. The surface ECG is the obvious cheap, standardized…

…Progressive dilation can subsequently impair left ventricular ejection fraction. Enlargement of the left ventricle predisposes to atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. In advanced alcohol related cardiomyopathy…

…with fibroproliferative, plexogenic, and sometimes thrombotic changes that may result in near total obliteration of affected vessels. Genetic, molecular, and acquired factors may interact in…

…and prevention of SCD in Brugada syndrome. Pathophysiology and Genetic Architecture Genetic Architecture: From Monogenic to Polygenic Models Brugada syndrome was classically defined as a…

…multiple villi . These myxomas are more likely to embolize (Cardiac Thromboembolism). There are genetic syndromes that result in the emergence of multiple myxomas. Papillary fibroelastoma…

…result of a perfect storm scenario , where ischemia, hemodynamics, the autonomous nervous system, electrolyte concentrations, and other factors (potentially also genetic predisposition) interact to trigger…

…that up to 30 40% of "idiopathic" cases harbor a genetic basis. Truncating variants in the TTN gene (titin) are the most common genetic cause…

…cytometry and genetics, while the biopsy shows marrow architecture and cellularity. What usually ruins the examination is not the technique but the handling of the…

…induced cardiotoxicity Trade Name Generic/Proper Name(s) Active Ingredient(s) Cardiotoxicity Label Section DICT Concern Cardiac side effects Severity of cardiotoxicity Hyaluronic Acid HYALURONIC…

…GY. A novel user friendly score (HAS BLED) to assess 1 year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey…

…sudden heart rate decrease (e.g due to sinus pause or post VPC pause) results in augmentation of early afterdpolarization amplitude (typically seen with large…

…sudden heart rate decrease (e.g due to sinus pause or post VPC pause) results in augmentation of early afterdpolarization amplitude (typically seen with large…