Articles & courses

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Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

…oxygenation, never intubation in itself — and every difficult airway algorithm is at bottom a timetable for when to stop doing what you are doing. Indications…

The T-wave: T-wave inversions, hyperacute T-waves, large T-waves, flat T-waves

ECG Video lecture: The T wave: normal, inverted (negative) hyperacute and flat T waves

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…5]. 3. Acute Pericarditis Pain Characteristics: The pain is typically pleuritic and tends to worsen when the patient lies flat or moves [2], [5]. Localization…

Overview of the ECG Waves, Deflections, Intervals, Durations

…normal. The isoelectric (flat) line between the end of the P wave and the start of the QRS complex is called the PR segment. The…

The ST segment: physiology, normal appearance, ST depression & ST elevation

…plateau phase. These two factors are the reason why the ST segment is flat and isoelectric (i.e in level with the baseline). Displacement of…

Capnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, ETCO2) during cardiac arrest

…circulation (ROSC). Prognostication. Potential reasons for a flat ETCO2 curve include: Ventilator or capnograph not activated. Displacement of the tracheal tube. Cardiac arrest without adequate…

ECG in myocardial ischemia: ischemic changes in the ST segment & T-wave

…which means that it should be flat and on the same level as the baseline (recall that the baseline is the level of the PR…

ST segment depression in myocardial ischemia and differential diagnoses

…primary ischemic ECG changes. ST segment depressions in NSTE ACS are frequently accompanied by T wave inversions (or flat T waves), but the primary ECG…

T-waves in ischemia: hyperacute, inverted (negative), Wellen's sign & de Winter's sign

…hyperacute T waves, inverted T waves, flat T waves, Wellen's syndrome and de Winter's syndrome – will be discussed in detail. The normal T…

The PR Interval & PR segment

…220 msec. The PR segment is the flat line between the end of the P wave and the start of the QRS complex. The PR…

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