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Vasovagal Syncope: Diagnosis, Tilt Testing and Treatment

…occur in over 40% of females and 30% of males due to a lack of effective reflex response to posture, venous pooling, or external stimuli…

🟠 QTc Interval Calculator (Bazett’s, Fridericia’s, Hodge's and Framingham Formulas)

…the Framingham Heart Study, this linear correction formula adjusts the QT interval based on heart rate without involving square or cube roots. It has been…

Sudden cardiac arrest: Case 1

CPR Each recording presents two leads recorded simultaneously. Sex : Female Age : 72 years History : heart failure Medications : digoxin, quinidine ECG 1 . The initial beats are…

Urinary catheterisation

…when urethral injury is suspected. Indications Acute urinary retention. Chronic urinary retention with renal impairment or a large residual volume. A need for accurate measurement…

🟠 Calculate CHADS-VASc Score and evaluate indication for anticoagulation

…9 As above. Very high Oral anticoagulation (warfarin or NOAC) is recommended for all female patients with a score of 3 or more. Very high…

🟠 CHADS-VA Bleeding Risk Score

…female patients, thereby reducing the potential for bleeding complications. The CHA₂DS₂ VA score is a clinical tool designed to assess stroke risk in patients with…

🟠 eGFR with MDRD

…GFR Levels: The MDRD equation tends to underestimate GFR in individuals with near normal or mildly reduced kidney function (eGFR 60 mL/min/1.73…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…Female specific and female predominant risk factors Risk assessment should include reproductive and pregnancy related history. Female specific or female predominant factors associated with later…

Early repolarization on ECG: when guidelines confuse ECG criteria

…years or younger display this). Hence, the authors have confused a completely benign condition (male/female pattern) with a condition which is associated with 5…

Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…include: Older age. Female sex. Hypertension. Absence of an adequate collateral circulation. A first or anterior infarction. Single vessel disease without collateral support. Chronic kidney…

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