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Urinary catheterisation

…curves and a prostate that can grip; the female urethra is only 3–5 cm and almost straight, but the meatus can be hard to…

🟠 eGFR with MDRD

…175 × (Scr)^ 1.154 × (Age)^ 0.203 × (0.742 if female) × (1.212 if African American) The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease…

Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…States. In the United States, approximately one in four female deaths is attributed to CVD. The cardiovascular burden in women includes coronary heart disease, heart…

Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…age. Female sex. Hypertension. Absence of an adequate collateral circulation. A first or anterior infarction. Single vessel disease without collateral support. Chronic kidney disease, particularly…

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection

…particularly important. The precise initiating mechanism is incompletely defined. Several associations have been described: Female sex, particularly in patients aged approximately 40–50 years. Hormonal…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…4%. Risk is substantially higher in older patients, emergency or urgent procedures, chronic kidney disease, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, and cardiogenic shock. Patient related…

Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Diagnosis and Treatment

…an important contributor. Older age, female sex, atrial fibrillation (AF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and multiple non cardiovascular conditions are frequent features. A proposed disease…

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)

…markedly from that of HFrEF. Patients are predominantly older (frequently 65 years of age) and there is a strong female predominance. Women have a substantially…

🟠 SYNTAX Score II

…lesions. Clinical Variables : Age : Older patients have a higher risk. Sex : Females may have different risk profiles. Creatinine Clearance : Reduced renal function increases risk. Left…

Alcohol and Cardiovascular Disease

…established. The source material identifies chronic intake of approximately 60 g daily in males and 40 g daily in females as capable of causing cardiomyopathy…

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