…obstructive sleep apnoea, social determinants of health, air pollution, family history, ethnicity, and frailty. Primary prevention is complemented by population level interventions. Population strategies aim…

…familial forms associated with adrenal adenoma or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A family history is therefore important, particularly in patients with early onset hypertension or premature…

…a patient with chest pain the primary task is to exclude or verify the following potentially life threatening causes of chest pain: Ischemic heart disease…

…failure and arrhythmias. Family History of Sudden Cardiac Death (FHSCD) : A history of SCD in close relatives suggests a genetic predisposition to arrhythmias. Non Sustained…

…aorta, aortic arch) All individuals 60 mm (descending aorta) All individuals Risk factors : previous dissection, family history of dissection, severe aortic regurgitation or mitral regurgitation…

…to ECG interpretation 1. Which of the following ECG findings is typically considered a normal variant in asymptomatic athletes with no significant family history? A:…

…idiopathic or genetic dilation of the left ventricle . Patients with DCM typically develop heart failure early in life and a family history of heart failure…

…medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease. It combines a structured family history…

…hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and sedentary behaviour; family history, particularly in the broader assessment of peripheral arterial and aortic disease; planned surgery, especially carotid endarterectomy (CEA), coronary…

…Family history also increases risk, particularly among first degree relatives, with siblings appearing to be especially affected. The principal determinant of adverse outcome is aneurysm…