…which involves the arch without involvement of the ascending aorta or represents retrograde extension from the descending aorta into the arch that stops before reaching…

…Exercise induced arrhythmia or exercise induced syncope. Assessment of chronotropic function and pacemaker settings. Preoperative functional assessment before major surgery. At a low pre test…

…or false lumen. It is commonly attributed to rupture of the vasa vasorum, although improved imaging demonstrates small intimal disruptions in approximately 20%–60% of…

…refractory to guideline directed medical therapy, occur at a low level of exertion, or are associated with high event risk. The apparent differences between thresholds…

…or without intramural haematoma. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is defined as spontaneous dissection of the coronary artery wall with accumulation of blood within the false…

…90 mg or treatment with another adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor inhibitor for patients who had coronary syndrome and are at high risk of developing a…

…At the other end, roughly two thirds of ICDs implanted for reduced LVEF never deliver an appropriate shock, so the false positive burden is substantial…

…up to 2 weeks after a heart attack. The larger the infarction, the higher the troponin level and the longer the duration of elevated troponin…

…stress testing, which leads to false negative stress tests. Studies have shown that if the myocardium obtains 30% of its resting perfusion from collaterals, it…

…T changes. Such ST T changes may mimic (simulate) or mask ischemia. Simulation of ischemia manifests as ST segment elevations in leads V1–V3, accompanied…

…linearly at low coronary flow rates. However, as flow continues to rise, tracer uptake plateaus. This saturation effect can lead to an underestimation of blood…