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Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

…radiotherapy. In the "can't intubate, can't oxygenate" situation there are no contraindications — a laryngeal mask is inserted even with a full stomach. Preparation…

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…slowly over at least a minute; a rapid injection causes nausea and a fall in blood pressure without better analgesia. Flush the cannula before and…

The Best Clinical ECG Book: ECG Made Easy or Complete?

…with an ECG in reality. Books that claim to make it "simple" can provide a quick entry point but fail to delve into the crucial…

STEMI: Primary PCI and System-of-Care Time Targets

…energy requirements and mitigation of reperfusion injury are complementary objectives of initial STEMI management. The principal acute complications fall into two broad categories: Electrical complications…

Causes of sudden cardiac arrest

…heart disease, other medical conditions (pulmonary embolism, bleeding, stroke, etc.) as well as cases where the cause does not fall into the other categories. Trauma…

Ventricular Tachycardia

…Torsades de Pointes in Long QT Syndrome) [1] . Underlying Etiologies The etiology of VT is broadly dichotomized into structural heart disease (SHD) and structurally normal…

Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…The injury is considered acute if there is a documented rise and/or fall of cTn values. However, myocardial injury alone is an entity in…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…or fall in cTn values. An elevated cTn alone does not establish MI, because myocardial injury may occur without myocardial ischaemia. Non ischaemic myocardial injury…

Non-ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and Unstable Angina

…and/or fall of high sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs cTn), with at least one value above the 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) in the…

Short and long-term prognostication in cardiac arrest

…marked reduction in cell metabolism and thus prolongs survival. Myocardial stunning starts to normalize within minutes after the hypoxia is relieved. However, full recovery of…

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