…days without anyone asking why, or the patient at risk of carbon dioxide retention is given 15 litres on a reservoir mask and drifts off…

…world: What is the best ECG book? This question is far from trivial and the stakes are high; mastering ECG interpretation will frequently be a…

…specific 99th percentile upper reference limit. It is classified as acute when serial measurements demonstrate a rise and/or fall. A stable elevation indicates chronic…

…and tamponade even without a large circumferential effusion. Causes Tamponade shares the causes of pericardial effusion. Important clinical associations include: Idiopathic or viral pericarditis Malignant…

…as well as cases where the cause does not fall into the other categories. Trauma Cardiac arrest caused by violence, accidents, burns, or other trauma…

…Comment : : : Reticulocytes 20–100 ×10⁹/L Distinguishes a production defect from haemolysis or bleeding Ferritin 15–300 µg/L (women 10–150) An acute phase…

…is diagnosed when typical ischaemic symptoms occur without persistent ST segment elevation, accompanied by a rise and subsequent fall in cardiac specific troponin attributable to…

…are complementary objectives of initial STEMI management. The principal acute complications fall into two broad categories: Electrical complications , particularly ventricular arrhythmias. Mechanical or pump failure…

…severe hypoglycaemia No defined threshold The patient has cognitive or physical impairment and needs help from another person Level 3 can occur even when the…

…a blood gas, coagulation tests and other investigations according to the clinical picture 5 Take cultures or molecular tests from the suspected focus, but avoid…