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Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome, stress induced cardiomyopathy)

…research has been devoted to it in recent years. Most cases (70%) of takotsubo cardiomyopathy occur in situations with extreme stress, such as car accidents…

ECG parameters

…to adults in sinus rhythm, recorded at a paper speed of 50 mm/s with 1 mV = 10 mm. At 50 mm/s a…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…vascular beds. Malignant hypertension represents an extreme form in which acute microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the kidneys, retina…

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Assessment and Treatment

…outcomes than BMI, particularly in women. For European populations, waist circumference above 94 cm in men or 80 cm in women is considered indicative of…

The electrical axis of the heart (ECG axis)

…lead II. Extreme axis deviation (–90°to 180°) : Net negative QRS complex in leads I and II. Figure 2. The direction of the QRS complex. Axis…

The electrical axis of the heart (heart axis): ECG & physiology

…is 0,12 s, provided that other causes of left axis deviation have been excluded. Causes of extreme axis deviation Rare. Most likely due to…

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Holter ECG

…dipper ≤ 0 %, night time pressure higher than daytime The highest risk in the group Extreme dipper 20 % Also unfavourable, particularly in the elderly An abnormal…

🟠 QTc Interval Calculator (Bazett’s, Fridericia’s, Hodge's and Framingham Formulas)

…converting to Torsade de Pointes ventricular tachycardia. Notice how arterial blood pressure (ABP) drops at the onset of TdP. ECG by Nakstad et al (Scand…

Myocardial Injury Versus Infarction: Interpreting Troponin Elevation

…acute myocardial injury without having an infarction. The degree of troponin elevation does not by itself establish the mechanism. Increased concentrations may result from acute…

🟠 BMI and Body Surface Area (BSA) calculator

…Underweight : Less than 18.5 Normal weight : 18.5 to 24.9 Overweight : 25 to 29.9 Obese : 30 and above Limitations of BMI Despite…

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