…Proliferation and accumulation of tissue within the stent progressively reduce the lumen. The stent scaffold prevents the external constriction that characterizes restenosis after balloon angioplasty…

…Ventricular contraction has ceased or unable to generate perfusion. SCD (sudden cardiac death) : Death resulting from sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Cardiovascular collapse : Sudden cessation of…

ECG Principles of myocardial excitability Myocardium is excitable not only by action potentials originating in the sinus node, but also by external electrical stimuli that…

…a genetic mutation in the RYR1 receptor, resulting in persistent muscle contraction upon administration of halogenated anesthetic agents. As an idiosyncratic response to substances such…

…myocardium may be excited by external electrical stimuli that drive the cells to threshold. Stimulation threshold is the minimum amount of energy required to reach…

ECG Exercise stress test Definition and clinical role Exercise electrocardiographic testing is a standardized assessment in which a patient performs progressively increasing external work, usually…

…and stabilisation for transfer in a suspected fracture. Clinical suspicion of a scaphoid fracture despite a normal radiograph. Contraindications An open fracture or a wound…

…lumen and visualization of the external elastic membrane (EEM). IVUS is consequently useful for determining vessel size, plaque burden, and the dimensions of lesions that…

…assuming an upright posture. Specific triggers are well recognized and include: Provoked fear, pain, anxiety, intense emotion, the sight of blood, unpleasant sights and odors…

…instantaneous identification of the initial rhythm ( Thorén et al ). The initial rhythm has immense significance for survival in cardiac arrest, regardless of all other circumstances…