…with cardiovascular disease, including those recovering from myocardial infarction. It extends beyond exercise training to incorporate individualized physical activity counselling, risk factor modification, nutritional care…

…peak exercise capacity and the heart rate, blood pressure and symptom responses to exertion. These data can guide domestic, occupational, recreational and athletic activity counselling…

…digitalis effect, marked LVH with ST T changes — is an argument for imaging rather than a conventional exercise test. Preparation and equipment Cycle ergometer with…

…those achieved during testing. Exercise ECG has become less prominent as a primary diagnostic test for obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), because coronary computed tomography…

…sympathetic activity results in increased heart rate and stronger contractions. Physical exercise increases the venous return to the heart, which results in increased cardiac preload…

…which will be discussed below. The basic principles of exercise test protocols will also be discussed in this article. Metabolic equivalent (MET): measuring oxygen consumption…

…specificity, risks, and results of the exercise test may be affected by patient characteristics. For example, exercising patients with ongoing myocardial ischemia may provoke life…

…detail. Symptom during exercise stress testing Perceived exertion The patient's perceived exertion is a way of estimating the intensity of the physical activity. It…

…coronary artery disease. Assessment of therapeutic response. Exercise testing can be used to evaluate the effect of medications or interventions such as PCI, CABG, CRT…

…Role of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in exercise stress testing It is a common misunderstanding that the ECG is the main parameter of the stress test…