…extended monitoring exceeding 3 weeks is necessary, an implantable loop recorder is essential to accurately establish the diagnosis. Electrophysiology In patients with presyncope or syncope…

…good neurological function, which is why CPR should be considered even with extended no flow periods, in cases of unwitnessed cardiac arrests, as well as…

…of hospital cardiac arrest in 130'000 cases ( Rawshani et al ). Cardiac etiology Cardiac arrests caused by cardiovascular conditions and events are highly stochastic events…

…on the initial rhythm (first recorded rhythm). The initial rhythm is a marker of several crucial events and factors: Cause of cardiac arrest : Shockable rhythms…

…Instead, the infarct related electrical changes may be recorded indirectly as reciprocal abnormalities in the anterior precordial leads. Acute myocardial ischaemia alters the resting membrane…

…or three electrodes. At any given instant during the cardiac cycle, all ECG leads analyze the same electrical events but from different angles. This means…

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology ECG Pacemaker mediated tachycardia (PMT) Pacemaker mediated tachycardia may arise if the pacemaker records a rapid atrial rate (e.g. during a…

…2]. 1. Perform an ABCDE assessment, attach cardiac monitoring, secure intravenous access and record an ECG. 2. Confirm the potassium with a repeat sample, but…

…or 7 day recording About once a month Thumb ECG or event recorder, 2–4 weeks Less often, with syncope Implantable loop recorder Contraindications None…

…anticoagulants (DOACs) are contraindicated. Antiphospholipid syndrome, particularly triple positive disease or after an arterial event, where DOACs have proved inferior. Atrial fibrillation with marked renal…