…used in two principal settings: After ACS , whether managed medically or with revascularization. After elective PCI for CCS , particularly after stent implantation. In both situations…

…excitation with atrial fibrillation and a very rapid ventricular rate. Elective or subacute: Symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation where rhythm control is the aim. Atrial flutter…

…next check. Interruption before an elective procedure The duration of interruption is governed by the bleeding risk of the procedure and by renal function. In…

…frequent during PCI than during purely diagnostic angiography. Elective PCI has reported mortality of 0.1–0.3%, large myocardial infarction in fewer than 3…

…present chapter focuses principally on ACS, for which the evidence and recommendations differ from those applicable to elective PCI. Clinical presentation and symptoms The source…

…dedicated physical examination algorithm. Diagnostics Non invasive assessment of ischaemia and viability Objective evidence of ischaemia is important before elective CTO PCI. Demonstration of both…

…and anticipated electrical environment. Preoperative evaluation Establish the nature and function of the device The following should be determined before surgery: Device type: pacemaker, ICD…