…the prolongation of survival. Neonatal screening with pulse oxymetry The majority of all congenital heart defects are detected early in infancy or childhood. For obvious…

…Systematic screening of the general population for cardiovascular risk factors has not been shown to improve cardiovascular outcomes, although opportunistic assessment during clinical encounters improves…

…quit attempts and their duration. Triggers for smoking and anticipated barriers to cessation. Exposure to second hand smoke. Use of cannabis, electronic cigarettes or other…

…unprepared for real world scenarios where ECG interpretation often makes a life altering difference. Dr. Araz Rawshani, a leading cardiovascular researcher at the University of…

…adults the spinal cord ends at T12–L1, so these levels encounter only the roots of the cauda equina. If in doubt: choose a level…

…echogenicity). For each reflection, a portion of the sound waves return to the transducer and produce a copy of the reflector on the image. Hence…

…of the normal P wave does not exceed 2.5 mm in any limb lead. Reference values for the P wave The negative deflection of…

…normally via the His Purkinje system, and in most cases, there is no significant hemodynamic compromise. However, in cases of rapid AVNRT or in patients…

…into the following categories: Bradyarrhythmia s (bradycardia): arrhythmias commonly due to dysfunctional automaticity in pacemaker cells or blocking of impulses somewhere along the conduction system…

…Pressure (CVP) This equation illustrates that MAP is determined by the volume of blood the heart pumps and the resistance encountered in the systemic circulation…