…POX) screening , which is routine in all Western countries. According to a Cochrane review, for every 10,000 apparently healthy newborn infants, around six will…

…various conditions diagnosed using ECG) Epidemiology Clinical aspects ECG criteria/characteristics Electrophysiological explanations for ECG changes Differential diagnoses for ECG findings Concordance with guidelines (AHA…

…The Swedish clinical care programme for bacterial CNS infections states that CT must not be performed before lumbar puncture in suspected bacterial meningitis — not even…

…5B). Ultrasound energy in side lobes is mostly dissipated in the tissue without generating significant reflections. However, when side lobes encounter strong reflectors (calcifications, pericardium…

…a specific stenosis. Clinical Role and Indications CAC scoring is principally a risk stratification tool for individuals without known clinical coronary artery disease, especially when…

…enlargement (P pulmonale) The atria may become dilated and/or hypertrophic during pathological circumstances. As for ventricular enlargement, the ECG cannot differentiate dilatation from hypertrophy…

…smokers for a prolonged period. In heavy smokers, cardiovascular risk falls within five years of stopping but may remain elevated thereafter. The overall health benefit…

…Synonyms for AVNRT Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachyarrhythmia Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachyarrhythmia Some textbooks use the term "node…

…is not physiologically justified . The latter criterion is important because rhythms that are physiologically justified should not be considered abnormal. For example, sinus bradycardia (a…

…Pressure (CVP) This equation illustrates that MAP is determined by the volume of blood the heart pumps and the resistance encountered in the systemic circulation…

…the Framingham Heart Study, this linear correction formula adjusts the QT interval based on heart rate without involving square or cube roots. It has been…

…Initial hs cTn measurement Continuous cardiac monitoring The source material does not provide a detailed list of physical examination findings or a specific examination sequence…

…However, most clinicians who encounter patients with pacemakers only have access to conventional surface ECGs. Being able to assess pacemaker function and perform troubleshooting should…

…vibrations propagate in the form of a sound wave. If the sound waves encounter a new medium, some sound waves will be reflected while others…

…periods. Aberrant conduction occurs when the length of the cardiac cycle is changed without a compensatory change in the length of the refractory period. This…

…If the left atrium encounters increased resistance (e.g due to mitral valve stenosis) it becomes enlarged (hypertrophy) which amplifies its contribution to the P…