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Congenital heart disease & GUCH (Grown Up Congenital Heart disease)

…25% of children with congenital heart disease require intervention during their first year of life ( Triedman et al ). According to the European Society for Cardiology…

The Best Clinical ECG Book: ECG Made Easy or Complete?

…nurses, paramedics and physician assistants who rely on such books will realize their shortcomings at their first encounter with an ECG in reality. Books that…

Lumbar puncture

…The Swedish clinical care programme for bacterial CNS infections states that CT must not be performed before lumbar puncture in suspected bacterial meningitis — not even…

Artifacts in ultrasound imaging

…times between dense structures ( i.e structures with high echogenicity). For each reflection, a portion of the sound waves return to the transducer and produce…

Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: Prognostic Use in Practice

…of the general population for cardiovascular risk factors has not been shown to improve cardiovascular outcomes, although opportunistic assessment during clinical encounters improves detection of…

Left atrial enlargement (P mitrale) & right atrial enlargement (P pulmonale) on ECG

…atrial enlargement (P mitrale) and right atrial enlargement (P pulmonale) The atria may become dilated and/or hypertrophic during pathological circumstances. As for ventricular enlargement…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…structured intervention should be used whenever smoking is identified. During encounters with smokers, “very brief advice” can initiate discussion and promote referral to formal cessation…

Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT): ECG features & management

…Synonyms for AVNRT Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachyarrhythmia Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachyarrhythmia Some textbooks use the term "node…

Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias: from automaticity to re-entry (reentry)

…be considered abnormal. For example, sinus bradycardia (a slow rhythm directed by the sinoatrial node) is a common finding in athletes and during sleep; in…

🟠 Mean arterial pressure (MAP) calculator

…Pressure (CVP) This equation illustrates that MAP is determined by the volume of blood the heart pumps and the resistance encountered in the systemic circulation…

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