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Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: Prognostic Use in Practice

…improve cardiovascular outcomes, although opportunistic assessment during clinical encounters improves detection of risk factors such as elevated blood pressure and lipid abnormalities. CAC should therefore…

High-Sensitivity Troponin: 0/1-Hour Rule-In and Rule-Out Algorithms

…segment elevation, immediate reperfusion assessment is required. Patients with NSTE ACS should be admitted for management of acute ischaemia. Those with possible ACS, a non…

Congenital heart disease & GUCH (Grown Up Congenital Heart disease)

…for every 10,000 apparently healthy newborn infants, around six will have critical CHD, and the pulse oximetry test will correctly identify five of these…

The Best Clinical ECG Book: ECG Made Easy or Complete?

…unprepared for real world scenarios where ECG interpretation often makes a life altering difference. Dr. Araz Rawshani, a leading cardiovascular researcher at the University of…

Lumbar puncture

…before shunt surgery. Contraindications Clinical signs of herniation — deep unconsciousness with unreactive pupils, an altered breathing pattern, a rising blood pressure with bradycardia. A known…

Artifacts in ultrasound imaging

…echogenicity). For each reflection, a portion of the sound waves return to the transducer and produce a copy of the reflector on the image. Hence…

Left atrial enlargement (P mitrale) & right atrial enlargement (P pulmonale) on ECG

…a consequence of increased resistance to empty blood into the right ventricle. This may be due to pulmonary valve stenosis, increased pulmonary artery pressure etc…

Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…quit attempts and their duration. Triggers for smoking and anticipated barriers to cessation. Exposure to second hand smoke. Use of cannabis, electronic cigarettes or other…

Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT): ECG features & management

…Use of the term PSVT is therefore not recommended. Synonyms for AVNRT Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachyarrhythmia Atrioventricular…

Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias: from automaticity to re-entry (reentry)

…Mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias: from automaticity to re entry This section introduces the most common arrhythmias encountered in clinical practice, beginning with a discussion of…

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