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Endotracheal intubation

Procedurer What determines the outcome of an emergency intubation is rarely the laryngoscopy itself but what was done before it: how well the patient was…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…hypertensive encephalopathy and should prompt consideration of stroke. Acute ischemic or intracerebral haemorrhage may coexist with severe hypertension. The decision to lower BP in acute…

Hyperkalaemia: quick reference for emergency treatment

…or a very strong clinical suspicion. 3. Give intravenous calcium in the presence of hyperkalaemic ECG changes or arrhythmia. 4. Shift potassium into the cells…

Ventricular Tachycardia

…driver of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and a major cause of morbidity in patients with structural heart disease, VT necessitates a nuanced, multidisciplinary approach to…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…thrombolysis regimens, renal function thresholds and the division of work between the ambulance service, the emergency department and the PCI laboratory may differ between Swedish…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

…syndromes (NSTE ACS). The division into STE ACS and NSTE ACS has profound implications for management and treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes. Moreover…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…8. Document the ceiling of care and the decision on intubation early. Initial assessment Confirm that the presentation fits an exacerbation A COPD exacerbation is…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…the risk of embolization. Risk assessment should be individualized. There are no absolute contraindications to coronary angiography in the general sense; the decision depends on…

Interpreting NT-proBNP and BNP in Clinical Decision-Making

…chemistry & laboratory medicine Definition and Pathophysiology B type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N terminal pro BNP (NT proBNP) are circulating markers of myocardial wall stress…

Physiological Assessment of Coronary Stenoses and Revascularization Decisions

…and proposes an integrated decision pathway for physiology guided revascularization. Overview: Comparison of Physiological Indices The table below summarizes the four index families discussed in…

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