…obstruction may result from progression of peripheral arterial disease, cardiac or aortic embolisation, acute aortic dissection, thrombosis of a graft or aneurysm, popliteal artery entrapment…

…from acute compromise of coronary flow. Mechanisms include: Coronary dissection with obstruction of the true lumen Occlusion of a major epicardial artery or bypass graft…

…a consequence of increased resistance to empty blood into the right ventricle. This may be due to pulmonary valve stenosis, increased pulmonary artery pressure etc…

…A related entity is non A non B dissection , which involves the arch without involvement of the ascending aorta or represents retrograde extension from the…

…pathophysiology Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an acute coronary disorder caused by separation within the coronary arterial wall, usually through formation of an intramural…

…exposure of thrombogenic material. Superficial plaque erosion. Thrombosis associated with a calcified nodule. Epicardial or microvascular coronary spasm. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Coronary embolism of…

…or pericarditis Acute aortic dissection Physical disability that precludes safe and adequate testing Relative contraindications Known obstructive left main coronary artery stenosis Moderate to severe…

…Indications Evaluation of chest pain with an intermediate pre test probability of coronary artery disease. Assessment of exercise capacity and symptoms in known heart disease…

…In severe cases, there can be a rupture of the atria or ventricles. Myocardial infarction : The contusion can cause coronary artery dissection, atherothrombosis or rupture…

…Cardiopulmonary effects of pulmonary embolism Figure 1. Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism (PE). Hemodynamic effects Pulmonary embolism leads to increased resistance in the main pulmonary artery…