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Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…an inherited disorder characterized by persistently elevated plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL C) from early life and a consequent excess risk of premature atherosclerotic…

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment with SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP

…adults with elevated blood pressure (BP), in whom absolute cardiovascular risk varies considerably according to age and the presence of concomitant risk factors. In contrast…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…of apoB 100 containing lipoproteins and exert effects beyond LDL C reduction, including modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial function, plaque stability, thrombogenic responses and…

Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders as Future Cardiovascular Risk

…disorders, but it may also arise de novo after delivery. New onset postpartum preeclampsia is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of maternal morbidity and…

Assessment of Pacemaker Malfunction

…fracture of the leads. External causes are less common and include electrolyte disorders, metabolic disorders, hypoxemia, antiarrhythmic drugs, or electromagnetic disturbance caused by other machines…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…because myocardial injury may occur without myocardial ischaemia. Non ischaemic myocardial injury may accompany numerous cardiac and systemic disorders, including: Cardiac causes Systemic causes Heart…

Blood gas interpretation: quick reference for acid-base disorders

…failure. A peripheral venous blood gas is easier to obtain and can often be used for an initial assessment of pH and the metabolic component…

Performing Echocardiographic Examinations

…and also avoid bending the back during the examination. Work related musculoskeletal disorders are a common cause of pain and sickness absence for ultrasound practitioners…

🟠 QT Drugs: Drugs causing QT prolongation, torsade de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS)

…Category Condition Congenital conditions Jervell and Lange Nielsen syndrome Romano Ward syndrome Idiopathic congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) Metabolic disorders Hypokalemia Hypomagnesemia Hypocalcemia Starvation Anorexia…

Mitral regurgitation

…results in thickening of the leaflets and may coexist with mitral stenosis. Idiopathic degeneration (Barlow's disease), degeneration associated with connective tissue disorders (Marfan syndrome…

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