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Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…ventricle, which is counteracted by dilatation of the ventricle. Dilatation of the right ventricle results in reduced intraventricular pressure and thereby reduced myoardial load. Pulmonary…

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR/TI)

…back to the right atrium and venous system, resulting in dilation of vena cava inferior ( 2.1 cm). Severe tricuspid regurgitation may lead to systolic…

Tricuspid stenosis

…pressure, which subsequently causes right atrial dilation. Vena cava inferior may also dilate secondarily. Principles of management Medical therapies do not alter disease progression. Diuretics…

🟠 Management of STEMI (ST-Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction)

…suspicion of posterior acute myocardial infarction (e.g due to reciprocal ST segment depressions in V1, V2, V3). IIa B In patients with inferior myocardial…

The electrical axis of the heart (ECG axis)

…III and aVF (with QRS duration <0.12 seconds), provided that other causes of right axis deviation have been excluded. Causes of left axis deviation…

The electrical axis of the heart (heart axis): ECG & physiology

…III and aVF (with QRS duration <0.12 seconds), provided that other causes of right axis deviation have been excluded. Causes of left axis deviation…

Pericardiocentesis

…20 mL syringes, a three way tap. A Seldinger set with a guidewire, a dilator and a 5–8 F pigtail catheter , plus a drainage…

Constrictive pericarditis: definition, causes, diagnosis & echocardiography

…from dilating adequately during diastole. This leads to increased and equivalent diastolic pressure in all rooms. Because pressure is high in the atria, filling of…

Cardiac arrest during pregnancy and childbirth

…Upon recognition of a cardiac arrest in a pregnant individual, either within or outside the hospital, prompt communication with an obstetrician and neonatologist is critical…

Posterior Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis on the Standard ECG

…may manifest as reciprocal ST segment depression rather than apparent ST segment elevation. Posterior involvement is commonly associated with inferior or lateral myocardial infarction. Consequently…

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