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Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Myocardial Viability Assessment and Revascularization

…several overlapping processes: Recurrent or extensive MI with necrosis and scar formation Diffuse myocardial fibrosis Reversible ischemic dysfunction Chronic hypoperfusion with hibernating myocardium Post ischemic…

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

…stenoses. Higher scores indicate more diffuse or technically complex disease and are associated with a greater relative advantage for CABG over PCI in multivessel disease…

Abscess incision and drainage

…heterogeneous area whose contents move under pressure; cellulitis instead gives a diffuse oedematous picture without a demarcated fluid collection. Ultrasound also shows the depth of…

Coronary Anatomy and Segmental Classification for the Clinician

…adjacent reference segment presumed to be relatively normal. This assumption may be incorrect when atherosclerosis is diffuse, leading to underestimation of the overall disease burden…

No-Reflow Phenomenon During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Prevention and Treatment

…persistent obstruction of the treated epicardial segment. The phenomenon occurs in approximately 2%–3% of PCI procedures overall. It is particularly associated with intervention on…

Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction After PCI and CABG

…coronary artery disease, or diffuse disease. No reflow represents impaired antegrade myocardial perfusion in the absence of a flow limiting epicardial stenosis. It is associated…

Refractory Angina: Options When Standard Therapy Fails

…among patients with CAD following advances in anti ischaemic treatment and coronary revascularization. Consequently, more patients survive with severe, diffuse CAD that is no longer…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…Statins inhibit 3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Reduced hepatic cholesterol production increases hepatic LDL receptor expression…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…CA) is a protein misfolding disorder characterized by the extracellular deposition of misfolded fibrillar proteins in the myocardium, leading to a diffuse infiltrative cardiomyopathy [8…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…symptom. It includes pain, pressure, tightness, heaviness, burning, or discomfort in the chest and may extend to the arms, shoulders, neck, jaw, upper back, abdomen…

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