…MI with necrosis and scar formation Diffuse myocardial fibrosis Reversible ischemic dysfunction Chronic hypoperfusion with hibernating myocardium Post ischemic stunning Adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling…

…arteries. It frequently coexists with left main coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, left ventricular dysfunction, peripheral vascular disease and other manifestations of diffuse atherosclerosis. Percutaneous…

…heterogeneous area whose contents move under pressure; cellulitis instead gives a diffuse oedematous picture without a demarcated fluid collection. Ultrasound also shows the depth of…

…defined as stenosis of at least 70%, while a left main coronary stenosis of at least 50% is considered significant. These thresholds describe luminal narrowing…

…multivessel coronary artery disease, and diffuse disease increase the likelihood of cardiovascular collapse when PCI fails or flow is severely compromised. Clinical Presentation No reflow…

…stenosis, multivessel coronary artery disease, or diffuse disease. No reflow represents impaired antegrade myocardial perfusion in the absence of a flow limiting epicardial stenosis. It…

…more patients survive with severe, diffuse CAD that is no longer amenable to additional mechanical revascularization. Despite treatment with antianginal drugs and PCI or CABG…

…symptoms (SAMS). These range from diffuse myalgia with a normal CK and no functional impairment to myositis with muscle inflammation and elevated CK. Rhabdomyolysis is…

…Clinical Context Cardiac amyloidosis should be suspected in patients older than 65 years presenting with heart failure and increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness [3…

…diagnostic. The severity of pain also has limited discriminatory value. Features suggesting myocardial ischaemia Ischaemic discomfort commonly: Is substernal and diffuse. Is described as pressure…

…ischemia or infarction may also occur in the following conditions [15]: Myocarditis Early repolarization patterns Left bundle branch block Left ventricular hypertrophy Hyperkalemia Cerebrovascular injury

…In contrast, preserved FFR with reduced CFR may indicate coronary microvascular dysfunction or diffuse epicardial disease. Concordantly normal FFR and CFR are associated with an…

…Structural CMD: resting vascular tone is increased, potentially reflecting capillary rarefaction, fibrosis, or left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertension, diabetes, and elevated NT proBNP are more frequent…

…Detect and characterize myocardial scar. Estimate the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Assess left ventricular volumes, regional wall motion, and ejection fraction using ECG…

…Hormonal influences, including oestrogen and progesterone related structural changes in the coronary media. The early postpartum period, when marked hormonal changes occur. Hypertension and oestrogen…

…specifically classified by the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA and 2021/2023 ESC guidelines as HF with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≤40% [14…

…in the wall of the artery. Such atherosclerotic plaques start building up early in childhood and by middle age, most persons have some degree of…

…radiotracers emit gamma photons directly. These gamma rays are detected by gamma cameras to create tomographic images of the left ventricle. In PET (Positron Emission…