…disease or excessive beta blocker or calcium channel blocker exposure. The incidence of cardiogenic shock complicating STEMI has fallen with prompt reperfusion and reduction of…

…effects. The class III antiarrhythmic effect is achieved by blocking the delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr), which prolongs the plateau phase of the action potential…

…1 to 2 hours. Oral onset is delayed, typically requiring 2 to 3 days, and often 1 to 3 weeks or occasionally longer; loading doses…

…elevation after successful resuscitation from out of hospital cardiac arrest should not routinely undergo immediate angiography. A selective or delayed approach is recommended in this…

…primary or delayed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Contraindications Prasugrel should not be used in the following situations: Hypersensitivity to the active substance or any of…

…a complete diagnosis or for grading. Antihistamines, corticosteroids, inhaled bronchodilators and nebulised adrenaline never replace intramuscular adrenaline [1,2]. Delayed administration of adrenaline is associated…

…origin, course, distribution, or termination of the coronary arteries. They include anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA), coronary fistulae, and myocardial bridging. Although…

…they travel partially or entirely outside the specialized conduction system. This slow propagation leads to a delayed and abnormal activation sequence of the right ventricle…

…of the sinoatrial node to adequately increase its automaticity during physical activity). Sinus arrest & sinus pause (intermittent failures to discharge impulses). Sinoatrial block (delayed or…

…but delayed antibiotics are associated with a worse outcome in sepsis and in several studies of neutropenic patients. In septic shock, or where sepsis is…

…clinically Signs of major or ongoing bleeding are: hypotension or a postural drop tachycardia a cold periphery and delayed capillary refill confusion, drowsiness or syncope…

…5% or higher, determined by ROC curve analysis as the optimal balance for deciding on ICD implantation, yielded a number needed to treat (NNT) of…

…cyanotic or mottled. Capillary refill is delayed, and venous filling may be reduced. Other possible findings include muscle stiffening and loss of deep tendon reflexes…

…resulting in myocyte necrosis. Plaque rupture may be further complicated by intraluminal thrombosis or haemorrhage into the plaque through the disrupted surface. Type 2 MI…

…as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg. Screening is particularly pertinent in the presence of hypokalaemia or treatment resistance. Hypokalaemia should not be permitted when assessing…

…Secondary ST T changes occur invariably in the presence of LBBB. The following ECG criteria and characteristics are used to diagnose LBBB: QRS duration ≥0…

…delayed, or selectively after initial medical treatment. The presence of ST segment changes or a positive troponin assay identifies patients in whom an invasive strategy…

…cardiovascular interventions. Dressler syndrome now occurs in fewer than 1% of AMI cases and is seen predominantly after larger infarctions and/or delayed reperfusion. Its…

…anticholinergics, opioids and salicylate — where gastric emptying is delayed — may justify charcoal later, in some cases up to 6 hours or more. Discuss this with…

…5. With severe symptoms: give hypertonic saline immediately. Do not wait for a complete work up of the cause or for imaging. 6. Document the…

…5% or higher, determined by ROC curve analysis as the optimal balance for deciding on ICD implantation, yielded a number needed to treat (NNT) of…

…disease (ASCVD) or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. The broader therapeutic principle is that LDL C reduction is associated with cardiovascular benefit regardless of the pharmacological route…

…material. Delayed help seeking is associated with older age, female sex, Black race, lower socioeconomic or uninsured status, a history of angina or diabetes, and…

…Occlusion Myocardial Infarction (OMI) versus Non Occlusion Myocardial Infarction (NOMI). This method focuses on the presence or absence of ACO, rather than rigid ECG thresholds…

…2 weeks. The peak vasodilatory effect is observed between 2 4 days following the infusion. This delayed onset is attributable to its active metabolite, which…

…may be prolonged, shortened or unchanged in ischemia. R wave amplitude Acute transmural ischemia may transiently increase the amplitude of the R waves. This is…

…delayed or individualized assessment. Disease specific genetic architecture HCM is predominantly associated with variants affecting sarcomeric proteins, particularly MYH7 and MYBPC3. Approximately 40–60% of…

…agonist It can cause nausea and delayed gastric emptying. Bear this in mind before sedation and endoscopy DPP 4 inhibitor A low risk of hypoglycaemia…

…or a falling PaO2 Circulation A systolic blood pressure of 100 mmHg or less, a MAP below 65 mmHg, delayed capillary refill, cold or mottled…

…and pregnancy related history. Female specific or female predominant factors associated with later cardiovascular risk include: Premature menopause Premature ovarian insufficiency Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy…

…cause of acute chest pain but carries a particularly high mortality when diagnosis is delayed. The typical presentation is sudden onset, severe chest, back or…

…atria to the ventricles may be delayed or blocked. These conditions are referred to as atrioventricular (AV) blocks , subdivided according to the degree of block…

…leading to a delayed equalization of the pressure gradient. Conversely, the deceleration time is shortened if left ventricular compliance is reduced, or if left atrial…