…1). Carcinoid heart disease. Endocarditis (common in intravenous drug addicts). Myxomatous degeneration. Rheumatic heart disease. Dilatation of the right ventricle. Dilatation of the right atrium…

…for calcification overlap with risk factors for coronary heart disease (atherosclerosis). The average age at diagnosis of aortic stenosis is 75 years in high income…

…article. A rehearsal follows. Reversible causes of sinus node dysfunction Age related degenerative disease (development of fibrosis) of the sinoatrial node. Myocardial ischemia/infarction. Perimyocarditis…

…coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, degenerative disease, hypertension, hyperkalemia, myocarditis, and amyloidosis may all cause LAFB. Prognosis of left anterior…

…Idiopathic degeneration (Barlow's disease), degeneration associated with connective tissue disorders (Marfan syndrome, Ehlers Danlos syndrome), osteogenesis imperfecta typically causes prolapse of P2 (Figure 1…

…tachyarrhythmias, of which 45% were VT degenerating into VF. 27% were caused by bradyarrhythmia, of which 74% were asystole and 26% were AV blocks. These…

…to established reversible myocardial ischaemia in either of two settings: Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) that cannot be controlled despite escalation of antianginal medical therapy…

…common agent. These streptococci most often originate from the oral cavity and affect heart valves that have some kind of damage, change or degeneration. Endocarditis…

…is interrupted by a PVC, which serves as the first beat of the polymorphic VT. Sustained episodes may eventually degenerate into ventricular fibrillation (VF). Proarrhythmia…

…exist, although they are rare (Naxos disease, Carvajal syndrome). The prevalence of ARVC is between 0.02 and 0.05% in Europe (Corrado et al)…

…disease, renal insufficiency, systemic hypertension, and concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Acute chest and/or back pain is the predominant symptom of…

…are the strongest predictors of adverse outcomes. Non acute or asymptomatic bradycardia Non acute bradycardia is a common finding in both healthy and diseased individuals…

…episodes of sustained VT, VF, or appropriate shocks from an ICD within 24 h. Classification of ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG showing polymorphic ventricular tachycardia degenerating…

…episodes of sustained VT, VF, or appropriate shocks from an ICD within 24 h. Classification of ventricular tachycardia (VT). ECG showing polymorphic ventricular tachycardia degenerating…

…quality CPR). The longer the duration of cardiac arrest, the greater the likelihood of a shockable rhythm degenerating into asystole or PEA. Neurological function after…

…fibrillatory amplitudes) ultimately degenerate into asystole. The gradual progression from coarse VF to fine VF and finally asystole is the result of diminishing ATP concentration…