…particular care in: A risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure — COPD, severe obesity with hypoventilation, neuromuscular disease, marked chest wall deformity, severe bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis…

…percentage (%). Normal FS 25% (M Mode) 18% (Direct 2 D measurement) Tissue Doppler Tissue Dopplerrecords the speed and direction of myocardial motion. This is possible…