…catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and GUCH Complex malformations often require intervention (surgical or catheter based intervention). In addition to the malformation…

…to 5–75% of CT series; other angiographic descriptions report rates of approximately 5–10%, while fewer than 5% of otherwise normal angiograms demonstrate bridging…

…< 2.0 – 3.0 WU up to 40 mm Hg in older and obese patients. References Baumgartner et al : Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis…

…Valve replacement can be performed with biological or mechanical prostheses. The former is preferred due to the lower risk of thrombosis and evidence demonstrating long…

…used to quantify the ratio of pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs). This measurement is pivotal in diagnosing and managing congenital or…

…where appropriate, molecular testing. The approach is particularly relevant to cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, heritable aortopathies, selected congenital heart diseases, pulmonary arterial hypertension and thromboembolic disorders. Most…

…the pathological changes are not explained by coronary heart disease, hypertension, valvular disease or congenital heart disease. Cardiomyopathy leads to impaired cardiac function and heart…

…with suspected pericardial disease. In addition to echocardiography, ECG and clinical examination, blood tests and other radiological examinations are most often required, in particular computed…

…solely based on their drug class or presumed pharmacodynamic effects. We provide a direct PubMed search for each drug and we recommend the reader to…

…QT duration predisposes to life threatening ventricular arrhythmias and therefore QT duration must always be assessed. QT prolongation may be congenital (due to genetic mutations…