…catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and GUCH Complex malformations often require intervention (surgical or catheter based intervention). In addition to the malformation…

…pericardial effusion and tamponade. Less common are cysts and tumors of the pericardium, as well as congenital malformations leading to an incomplete or absent pericardium…

…disease, congenital malformations, radiation complications, metastases, myxoma, cardiac thrombi, etc (Table 1). Most causes of mitral stenosis yield a progressive narrowing of the mitral valve…

Cardiology Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Definition and classification Coronary anomalies are congenital abnormalities involving the origin, course, distribution, or termination of the coronary arteries. They…

…narrowing of the RVOT (right ventricular outflow tract). Carcinoid heart disease : Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome that occurs due to carcinomas secreting kallikrein and…

…or mechanical prostheses. The former is preferred due to the lower risk of thrombosis and evidence demonstrating long term durability (Filsoufi et al). Percutaneous interventions…

…to quantify the ratio of pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs). This measurement is pivotal in diagnosing and managing congenital or acquired…

Cardiology Genetic and miscellaneous conditions Definition and scope Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who…

Echocardiography Definition and types of cardiomyopathies Cardiomyopathy implies that the myocardium is structurally and functionally altered, and the pathological changes are not explained by coronary…

…PubMed. Drug with neuroleptic and anti histamine properties. Sleep disorder Aceprometazine is often used in combination with meprobamate for the treatment of sleep disorders. <a…