…separate chapter discusses Long QT syndrome (LQTS). A complete list of drugs causing QT prolongation can be found here. Corrected QT intervals (QTc) can be…

…cases of congenital heart disease reach adulthood ( Mandalenakis et al ). The largest leap in survival has been observed among cases with the most complex malformations…

…or other non autosomal dominant mechanisms. Complex or multifactorial genetic architecture. The inheritance pattern affects the appropriate scope and duration of family surveillance. For example…

…1. ECG changes seen in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). The electrical vector of the left ventricle is enhanced in LVH…

…the left atrial appendage . Such thrombi may leave the appendage and enter the systemic circulation which causes thromboembolic occlusions of arteries in the brain, limbs…

…LQTS (congenital or acquired). The VT is polymorphic with a gradual alteration in the QRS amplitude, often with twisting of the QRS complex around the…

…LQTS (congenital or acquired). The VT is polymorphic with a gradual alteration in the QRS amplitude, often with twisting of the QRS complex around the…

…An anomalous left coronary artery is less common but more malignant than an anomalous right coronary artery. Anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the…

Echocardiography Pulmonary (pulmonic) stenosis Pulmonary stenosis is virtually always a consequence of congenital heart disease. The stenosis can be fixed or dynamic, depending on the…

Echocardiography Tricuspid valve stenosis Tricuspid stenosis is a rare condition that may be caused by rheumatic valvular disease, congenital heart disease, Whipple’s disease, or…

…quantify the ratio of pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs). This measurement is pivotal in diagnosing and managing congenital or acquired cardiac…

…congenital heart disease. Cardiomyopathy leads to impaired cardiac function and heart failure. There are six main types of cardiomyopathy: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) — This type of…

…of these are acute pericarditis (perimyocarditis), constrictive pericarditis, pericardial effusion and tamponade. Less common are cysts and tumors of the pericardium, as well as congenital…

Info A comprehensive list of conditions and drugs that may prolong the QT interval, and cause torsade de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS…

…Carcinoid heart disease Tetralogy of Fallot Marfan syndrome Takayasu's arteritis Iatrogenic (e.g complication of catheterization) Congenital dysplasia/aplasia of the pulmonary valve Idiopathic…

…cause of the arrhythmia already affects cellular function. This results in electrical instability which explains why ventricular tachycardia may progress to ventricular fibrillation. Left untreated…

…PhD University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden References Jervell A, Lange Nielsen F. Congenital deaf mutism, functional heart disease with prolongation of the…

…termination, congenital absence or hypoplasia. Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva is associated with increased sudden death risk…

…left heart disease from pulmonary vascular disease. Although a PAWP of 12 mmHg represents the upper limit of normal in some assessments, a threshold of…

…and young adults with congenital heart disease. Initiation Strategies Because of its ability to significantly prolong the QT interval and cause torsades de pointes or…

…may also lead to left ventricular dilation, which is referred to as ischemic cardiomyopathy (Dilated Cardiomyopathy). Ventricular dilation leads to dilation of the mitral annulus…

…dilation. Atrial dilation causes a significantly increased risk of atrial fibrillation. The increase in left atrial pressure may also propagate backward to the pulmonary circulation…