…termination, congenital absence or hypoplasia. Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva is associated with increased sudden death risk…

…PH in the absence of CTEPH, lung disease, or another explanatory cause. PAH reflects marked pulmonary arterial remodelling, with fibroproliferative, plexogenic, and sometimes thrombotic changes…

…testing), and cardiac catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and GUCH Complex malformations often require intervention (surgical or catheter based intervention). In addition…

…and an intramural course. An anomalous left coronary artery is less common but more malignant than an anomalous right coronary artery. Anomalous origin of a…

…an indicator of cardiac hemodynamic status and may be estimated with echocardiography. The PASP is an independent predictor of survival and for elevated left ventricular…

…there is no consensus regarding grading of tricuspid stenosis severity. Tricuspid stenosis is visually characterized by thickened leaflets, with reduced motion and potentially fused commisures…

…quantify the ratio of pulmonary blood flow (Qp) to systemic blood flow (Qs). This measurement is pivotal in diagnosing and managing congenital or acquired cardiac…

…autosomal dominant mechanisms. Complex or multifactorial genetic architecture. The inheritance pattern affects the appropriate scope and duration of family surveillance. For example, heterozygous carriers in…

…congenital heart disease. Cardiomyopathy leads to impaired cardiac function and heart failure. There are six main types of cardiomyopathy: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) — This type of…

…are cysts and tumors of the pericardium, as well as congenital malformations leading to an incomplete or absent pericardium. In case of suspicion of pericardial…

…broad spectrum hydroxamic acid based inhibitor of histone deacetylase... <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Abexinostat+AND+(%22QT%22+OR+Torsad " PubMed…

…the vulnerability caused by marked local differences in repolarization. This article is part of the comprehensive chapter: How to read and interpret the normal ECG

…The increased risk of stroke is explained by formation of thrombi in the left atrial appendage . Such thrombi may leave the appendage and enter the…

…of the pulmonary valve Idiopathic pulmonary artery dilation Pulmonary regurgitation results in right ventricular volume overload, which gradually causes right ventricular failure. The ventricle and…

…1. ECG changes seen in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). The electrical vector of the left ventricle is enhanced in LVH…

…disorders , congenital heart disease and catecholamine induced ventricular tachycardia . The vast majority of patients with ventricular tachycardia either have coronary artery disease (ischemic heart disease)…

…individuals with LQTS (congenital or acquired). The VT is polymorphic with a gradual alteration in the QRS amplitude, often with twisting of the QRS complex…

…A, Lange Nielsen F. Congenital deaf mutism, functional heart disease with prolongation of the Q T interval and sudden death. Am Heart J 1957;54…

…and young adults with congenital heart disease. Initiation Strategies Because of its ability to significantly prolong the QT interval and cause torsades de pointes or…

…individuals with LQTS (congenital or acquired). The VT is polymorphic with a gradual alteration in the QRS amplitude, often with twisting of the QRS complex…

…lead to left ventricular dilation, which is referred to as ischemic cardiomyopathy (Dilated Cardiomyopathy). Ventricular dilation leads to dilation of the mitral annulus and papillary…

…gradually leads to atrial hypertrophy and dilation. Atrial dilation causes a significantly increased risk of atrial fibrillation. The increase in left atrial pressure may also…